{"id":44241,"date":"2024-10-08T15:26:46","date_gmt":"2024-10-08T19:26:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/humance.ca\/?p=44241"},"modified":"2024-10-08T15:27:14","modified_gmt":"2024-10-08T19:27:14","slug":"intelligence-artificielle-y-a-t-il-un-etre-humain-dans-la-boucle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/humance.ca\/fr\/blog\/intelligence-artificielle-y-a-t-il-un-etre-humain-dans-la-boucle\/","title":{"rendered":"Intelligence artificielle\u202f: y a-t-il un \u00eatre humain dans la boucle?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"44241\" class=\"elementor elementor-44241 elementor-44237\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d489926 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d489926\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2b8e2c6\" data-id=\"2b8e2c6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5118717 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5118717\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"TextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\" lang=\"FR-CA\" xml:lang=\"FR-CA\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">Si vous <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun CommentStart SCXW262246857 BCX0\">n<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">\u2019<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">avez <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">pas <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">encore <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">essay\u00e9 <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">un <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun CommentStart SCXW262246857 BCX0\">agent conversationnel \u00e0 intelligence artificielle<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\"> tel que<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">ChatGPT<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\"> (<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">comme<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\"> c<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">\u2019<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">\u00e9tait le cas <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">de<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun CommentStart SCXW262246857 BCX0\">7<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">0<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">\u202f<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">% d<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">e la population canadienne<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\"> en<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">f\u00e9vrier<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">\u202f<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">2024 selon <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">la <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">firme <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun CommentStart SCXW262246857 BCX0\">L<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">\u00e9<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">ger<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\" lang=\"FR-CA\" xml:lang=\"FR-CA\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">),<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\" lang=\"FR-CA\" xml:lang=\"FR-CA\" data-contrast=\"auto\"> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">cet article propose<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\"> de <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">vous en faire <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">d\u00e9couvrir<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\"> l<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">es<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">caract\u00e9ristiques<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">.<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"TextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\" lang=\"FR-CA\" xml:lang=\"FR-CA\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">L<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">es r\u00e9sultats <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">obtenus <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">par <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">ces logiciels<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">sont certes impressionnants<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">,<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">mais ils<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\"> sont loin d<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">\u2019<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">\u00eatre infaillibles<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">. <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">L<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">a validation humaine <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">demeure<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">essentielle, voire critique<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">.<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW262246857 BCX0\">Voici pourquoi.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW262246857 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d30ad60 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d30ad60\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Le principe de l\u2019approximation <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae1ff0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3ae1ff0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">La conception d\u2019un algorithme d\u2019intelligence artificielle g\u00e9n\u00e9rative implique in\u00e9vitablement des compromis, m\u00eame s\u2019ils sont subtils. En effet, pour garantir que l\u2019algorithme soit utilisable au-del\u00e0 des donn\u00e9es d\u2019entra\u00eenement, on vise l\u2019\u00e9quilibre entre les deux extr\u00eames\u202f: le surapprentissage (<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">overfitting<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">) et le sous-apprentissage (<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">underfitting<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">).<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;335559739&quot;:60}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Le <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">surapprentissage <\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">survient lorsque l\u2019intelligence artificielle (IA) est trop entra\u00een\u00e9e ou utilise un exc\u00e8s de donn\u00e9es. Le mod\u00e8le m\u00e9morise les donn\u00e9es d\u2019entra\u00eenement, dont les anomalies, avec lesquelles il performe, mais il s\u2019adapte mal \u00e0 de nouvelles donn\u00e9es.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true}\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Le <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">sous-apprentissage <\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">se produit lorsque l\u2019IA n\u2019est pas suffisamment entra\u00een\u00e9e ou utilise trop peu de donn\u00e9es. Le mod\u00e8le ne capture pas la complexit\u00e9 des relations dans les donn\u00e9es. Par cons\u00e9quent, celui-ci ne performe pas, tant avec les donn\u00e9es d\u2019entra\u00eenement qu&#8217;avec les nouvelles donn\u00e9es.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Ainsi, pour accro\u00eetre la <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">polyvalence<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> de l\u2019algorithme, il est souvent n\u00e9cessaire de faire un compromis sur la <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">pr\u00e9cision<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709004e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"709004e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Les biais inh\u00e9rents \u00e0 la conception des algorithmes <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd14595 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fd14595\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"TextRun SCXW102584832 BCX0\" lang=\"FR-CA\" xml:lang=\"FR-CA\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW102584832 BCX0\">Bien que les concepteurs <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW102584832 BCX0\">et conceptrices <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW102584832 BCX0\">d<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW102584832 BCX0\">\u2019<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW102584832 BCX0\">algorithmes<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW102584832 BCX0\"> s<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW102584832 BCX0\">\u2019<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW102584832 BCX0\">ef<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW102584832 BCX0\">forcent<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW102584832 BCX0\"> de cr\u00e9er les meilleurs<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW102584832 BCX0\">mod\u00e8les <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW102584832 BCX0\">possibles, plusieurs<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW102584832 BCX0\">biais<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW102584832 BCX0\"> peuvent <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW102584832 BCX0\">y \u00eatre introduits<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW102584832 BCX0\"> involontaire<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW102584832 BCX0\">ment<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW102584832 BCX0\">. <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW102584832 BCX0\">Voici<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW102584832 BCX0\">trois<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW102584832 BCX0\">types <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW102584832 BCX0\">de biais et leurs implications <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW102584832 BCX0\">dans un contexte de gestion des ressources humaines\u202f<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW102584832 BCX0\">:<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW102584832 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-be26439 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"be26439\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW98422422 BCX0\">1. B<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW98422422 BCX0\">iais algorithmiques et de conception<br \/><\/span><\/strong><span class=\"TextRun SCXW33418025 BCX0\" lang=\"FR-CA\" xml:lang=\"FR-CA\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33418025 BCX0\">R<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33418025 BCX0\">efl<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33418025 BCX0\">\u00e8<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33418025 BCX0\">t<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33418025 BCX0\">ent<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33418025 BCX0\"> les <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun CommentStart SCXW33418025 BCX0\">points de vue<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33418025 BCX0\">, <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33418025 BCX0\">les <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33418025 BCX0\">exp\u00e9riences et <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33418025 BCX0\">les <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33418025 BCX0\">valeurs<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33418025 BCX0\"> des \u00eatres humains concepteurs de l<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33418025 BCX0\">\u2019<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33418025 BCX0\">algorithme<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33418025 BCX0\">. Les choix <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33418025 BCX0\">effectu\u00e9s \u00e0 cette \u00e9tape<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33418025 BCX0\">, tels que <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33418025 BCX0\">d<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33418025 BCX0\">es crit\u00e8res de s\u00e9lection ou <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33418025 BCX0\">d<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW33418025 BCX0\">es pond\u00e9rations attribu\u00e9es \u00e0 des variables, peuvent favoriser certains groupes.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW33418025 BCX0\" data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233117&quot;:true,&quot;134233118&quot;:true}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><ul><li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Syst\u00e8me de tri de CV<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u202f: un algorithme privil\u00e9giant des mots-cl\u00e9s associ\u00e9s \u00e0 des postes traditionnellement masculins (p. ex., \u00ab\u202fleader\u202f\u00bb, \u00ab\u202fd\u00e9cisif\u202f\u00bb) pourrait desservir les candidatures f\u00e9minines.<\/span><\/li><li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Outils d\u2019\u00e9valuation de personnalit\u00e9<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u202f: s\u2019ils sont fond\u00e9s sur des normes culturelles dominantes, ces outils pourraient p\u00e9naliser les personnes issues de cultures minoritaires, dont les traits de personnalit\u00e9 pourraient \u00eatre interpr\u00e9t\u00e9s diff\u00e9remment.<\/span><\/li><li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Logiciels d\u2019appariement candidats-postes<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u202f: un algorithme fond\u00e9 sur les exp\u00e9riences professionnelles des candidats et des candidates pourrait exclure des gens talentueux dont le parcours est atypique ou qui ont pris des pauses dans leur carri\u00e8re.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:120}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a41e68e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a41e68e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW98422422 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXW147117690 BCX0\" lang=\"FR-CA\" xml:lang=\"FR-CA\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW147117690 BCX0\">2. B<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW147117690 BCX0\">iais li\u00e9s aux donn\u00e9es sources<\/span><\/span><br \/><\/span><\/strong><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW98422422 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXW221895497 BCX0\" lang=\"FR-CA\" xml:lang=\"FR-CA\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW221895497 BCX0\">Si <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW221895497 BCX0\">l<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW221895497 BCX0\">es donn\u00e9es <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW221895497 BCX0\">d<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW221895497 BCX0\">\u2019<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW221895497 BCX0\">entra\u00eenement <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW221895497 BCX0\">sont incompl\u00e8tes, d\u00e9s\u00e9quilibr\u00e9es ou non repr\u00e9sentatives de la diversit\u00e9 de la population, l<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW221895497 BCX0\">\u2019<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW221895497 BCX0\">algorithme <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW221895497 BCX0\">d<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW221895497 BCX0\">\u2019<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW221895497 BCX0\">apprentissage automatique <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW221895497 BCX0\">reproduira ces biais dans ses r\u00e9sultats. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><ul><li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Analyse de sentiment du personnel<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u202f: si les donn\u00e9es d\u2019entra\u00eenement sont majoritairement issues de commentaires de personnes satisfaites, l\u2019algorithme pourrait sous-estimer le m\u00e9contentement d\u2019autres groupes, notamment ceux issus de minorit\u00e9s.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:120}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"10\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"2\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Pr\u00e9diction de la performance<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u202f: un algorithme form\u00e9 sur des donn\u00e9es historiques de performance biais\u00e9es (favorisant les gens ayant b\u00e9n\u00e9fici\u00e9 de privil\u00e8ges, par exemple) pourrait perp\u00e9tuer ces in\u00e9galit\u00e9s en recommandant des promotions ou des augmentations in\u00e9quitables.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:120}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38a0621 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"38a0621\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW98422422 BCX0\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXW147117690 BCX0\" lang=\"FR-CA\" xml:lang=\"FR-CA\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW147117690 BCX0\">3. <span class=\"TextRun SCXW201955280 BCX0\" lang=\"FR-CA\" xml:lang=\"FR-CA\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW201955280 BCX0\">B<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW201955280 BCX0\">iais historiques ancr\u00e9s dans les donn\u00e9es<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><br \/><\/span><\/strong><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW201955280 BCX0\">Les donn\u00e9es historiques refl\u00e8tent souvent des <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun CommentStart SCXW201955280 BCX0\">disparit\u00e9s<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW201955280 BCX0\"> et des discriminations syst\u00e9miques pr\u00e9sentes dans la soci\u00e9t\u00e9. Utiliser ces donn\u00e9es sans les analyser et les corriger revient \u00e0 reproduire et \u00e0 amplifier ces injustices.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><ul><li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"11\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:1080,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Analyse des salaires<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u202f: si les donn\u00e9es historiques montrent un \u00e9cart salarial entre les hommes et les femmes, un algorithme pourrait proposer de maintenir cette diff\u00e9rence, voire de l\u2019augmenter.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:120}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"11\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:1080,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Recrutement bas\u00e9 sur les r\u00e9seaux sociaux<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u202f: un algorithme qui s\u2019appuie sur les donn\u00e9es des r\u00e9seaux sociaux professionnels pourrait exclure des personnes talentueuses qui n\u2019y ont pas acc\u00e8s ou qui choisissent de ne pas y \u00eatre pr\u00e9sentes.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233118&quot;:true,&quot;335559738&quot;:120}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c86c8bc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c86c8bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">La solution\u202f: une approche it\u00e9rative avec un \u00eatre humain dans la boucle <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ecb44c1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ecb44c1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Lorsqu\u2019on fait une requ\u00eate dans un agent conversationnel, celui-ci fournit une r\u00e9ponse initiale qui peut comporter des impr\u00e9cisions et des biais. Plus la requ\u00eate est pr\u00e9cis\u00e9e avec des d\u00e9tails et du contexte, plus les marges d\u2019erreur diminuent, permettant \u00e0 l\u2019agent d\u2019affiner ses r\u00e9sultats.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559738&quot;:60,&quot;335559739&quot;:60}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">L\u2019approche it\u00e9rative dans la conception des requ\u00eates avec un agent conversationnel g\u00e9n\u00e9ratif vise principalement \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer la qualit\u00e9 des r\u00e9ponses obtenues. \u00c0 chaque it\u00e9ration, l\u2019humain affine sa requ\u00eate en fonction de la r\u00e9ponse pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente, ciblant ainsi des informations plus pr\u00e9cises ou pertinentes. Cette m\u00e9thode permet d\u2019explorer les nuances du sujet et d\u2019exploiter pleinement les capacit\u00e9s de l\u2019agent.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559738&quot;:60,&quot;335559739&quot;:60}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559738&quot;:60,&quot;335559739&quot;:60}\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Au fil des \u00e9changes\u202f:\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559738&quot;:60,&quot;335559739&quot;:60}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><ul><li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"7\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">les r\u00e9ponses gagnent en pr\u00e9cision, en profondeur et en pertinence;\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"7\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">l\u2019humain apprend \u00e0 formuler des questions plus efficaces;<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559738&quot;:60,&quot;335559739&quot;:60}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li><li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"7\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">l\u2019agent conversationnel fournit des informations de plus en plus circonscrites et utiles.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559738&quot;:60,&quot;335559739&quot;:60}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Ce processus d\u2019am\u00e9lioration continue conduit \u00e0 des r\u00e9sultats plus riches et mieux adapt\u00e9s aux besoins sp\u00e9cifiques de l\u2019utilisateur, maximisant ainsi la valeur de l\u2019interaction avec l\u2019agent g\u00e9n\u00e9ratif.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335559738&quot;:60,&quot;335559739&quot;:60}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Si vous n\u2019avez pas encore essay\u00e9 un agent conversationnel \u00e0 intelligence artificielle tel que ChatGPT (comme c\u2019\u00e9tait le cas de 70\u202f% de la population canadienne en f\u00e9vrier\u202f2024 selon la firme&#8230; <br \/><a class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/humance.ca\/fr\/blog\/intelligence-artificielle-y-a-t-il-un-etre-humain-dans-la-boucle\/\">Continuer la lecture<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":44264,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[48],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-44241","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles-fr"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Intelligence artificielle\u202f: y a-t-il un \u00eatre humain dans la boucle? 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